nginx默认读取配置文件路径下的nginx.conf,但是我们通常不想把所有配置写到一个配置文件中,那就可以把配置写在其他文件中,然后在nginx.conf中指定其他配置文件。
如nginx.conf
user nginx; worker_processes auto; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /run/nginx.pid; include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; server { listen 80 default_server; listen [::]:80 default_server; server_name _; root /usr/share/nginx/html; # Load configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf; location / { } error_page 404 /404.html; location = /40x.html { } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { } } }
这个是刚安装好的nginx配置文件,我加入了include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;,加载conf.d下面的所有配置文件。
nginx转发的配置都是写在server节点下的,一个简单的静态资源配置如下:
server { listen 80; server_name www.xxxxx.cn; location /api/ { alias /static/test/; index index.html; } }
这个表示,到80端口的请求,域名必须是www.xxxxx.cn,然后访问/api的请求,将获取/static/test/下对应的文件。
server { listen 80; server_name www.xxxxx.cn; location ^~ /api/ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/; } }
这个表示,到80端口的请求,域名必须是www.xxxxx.cn,然后访问/api的请求,将转发到127.0.0.1:8080 这个应用上。
server { listen 80; server_name www.xxxxx.cn; location /api/ { add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *; add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers X-Requested-With; add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods GET,POST,OPTIONS; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8181/api/; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 128k; proxy_buffers 32 4k; proxy_connect_timeout 600; proxy_send_timeout 600; proxy_read_timeout 600; } }
这个表示,到80端口的请求,域名必须是www.xxxxx.cn,然后访问/api的请求,将转发到127.0.0.1:8181 这个应用上,而且支持跨域。
server { listen 80; server_name ~^(?.+)\.xxxxx\.xxxx$; location / { alias /static/test/$test/; index index.html; } }
这个表示,到80端口的请求,匹配到*.xxxxx.xxxx,将转发到/static/test 下对应二级域名的目录下。
server { listen 443; server_name www.xxxxx.cn; ssl on; ssl_certificate /static/ssl/1_www.pomit.cn_bundle.crt; ssl_certificate_key /static/ssl/2_www.pomit.cn.key; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location ^~ /api/ { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/; } }
这个表示,到443端口的请求,域名必须是www.xxxxx.cn,而且支持ssl,即https。ssl证书需要去买的,也有免费的,一般云服务器都会有20个免费证书发放。
server { listen 80; server_name www.baidu.com; set $mobile_rewrite do_not_perform; if ($http_user_agent ~* "(android|bb\d+|meego).+mobile|avantgo|bada\/|blackberry|blazer|compal|elaine|fennec|hiptop|iemobile|ip(hone|od)|iris|kindle|lge |maemo|midp|mmp|mobile.+firefox|netfront|opera m(ob|in)i|palm( os)?|phone|p(ixi|re)\/|plucker|pocket|psp|series(4|6)0|symbian|treo|up\.(browser|link)|vodafone|wap|windows ce|xda|xiino") { set $mobile_rewrite perform; } if ($http_user_agent ~* "^(1207|6310|6590|3gso|4thp|50[1-6]i|770s|802s|a wa|abac|ac(er|oo|s\-)|ai(ko|rn)|al(av|ca|co)|amoi|an(ex|ny|yw)|aptu|ar(ch|go)|as(te|us)|attw|au(di|\-m|r |s )|avan|be(ck|ll|nq)|bi(lb|rd)|bl(ac|az)|br(e|v)w|bumb|bw\-(n|u)|c55\/|capi|ccwa|cdm\-|cell|chtm|cldc|cmd\-|co(mp|nd)|craw|da(it|ll|ng)|dbte|dc\-s|devi|dica|dmob|do(c|p)o|ds(12|\-d)|el(49|ai)|em(l2|ul)|er(ic|k0)|esl8|ez([4-7]0|os|wa|ze)|fetc|fly(\-|_)|g1 u|g560|gene|gf\-5|g\-mo|go(\.w|od)|gr(ad|un)|haie|hcit|hd\-(m|p|t)|hei\-|hi(pt|ta)|hp( i|ip)|hs\-c|ht(c(\-| |_|a|g|p|s|t)|tp)|hu(aw|tc)|i\-(20|go|ma)|i230|iac( |\-|\/)|ibro|idea|ig01|ikom|im1k|inno|ipaq|iris|ja(t|v)a|jbro|jemu|jigs|kddi|keji|kgt( |\/)|klon|kpt |kwc\-|kyo(c|k)|le(no|xi)|lg( g|\/(k|l|u)|50|54|\-[a-w])|libw|lynx|m1\-w|m3ga|m50\/|ma(te|ui|xo)|mc(01|21|ca)|m\-cr|me(rc|ri)|mi(o8|oa|ts)|mmef|mo(01|02|bi|de|do|t(\-| |o|v)|zz)|mt(50|p1|v )|mwbp|mywa|n10[0-2]|n20[2-3]|n30(0|2)|n50(0|2|5)|n7(0(0|1)|10)|ne((c|m)\-|on|tf|wf|wg|wt)|nok(6|i)|nzph|o2im|op(ti|wv)|oran|owg1|p800|pan(a|d|t)|pdxg|pg(13|\-([1-8]|c))|phil|pire|pl(ay|uc)|pn\-2|po(ck|rt|se)|prox|psio|pt\-g|qa\-a|qc(07|12|21|32|60|\-[2-7]|i\-)|qtek|r380|r600|raks|rim9|ro(ve|zo)|s55\/|sa(ge|ma|mm|ms|ny|va)|sc(01|h\-|oo|p\-)|sdk\/|se(c(\-|0|1)|47|mc|nd|ri)|sgh\-|shar|sie(\-|m)|sk\-0|sl(45|id)|sm(al|ar|b3|it|t5)|so(ft|ny)|sp(01|h\-|v\-|v )|sy(01|mb)|t2(18|50)|t6(00|10|18)|ta(gt|lk)|tcl\-|tdg\-|tel(i|m)|tim\-|t\-mo|to(pl|sh)|ts(70|m\-|m3|m5)|tx\-9|up(\.b|g1|si)|utst|v400|v750|veri|vi(rg|te)|vk(40|5[0-3]|\-v)|vm40|voda|vulc|vx(52|53|60|61|70|80|81|83|85|98)|w3c(\-| )|webc|whit|wi(g |nc|nw)|wmlb|wonu|x700|yas\-|your|zeto|zte\-)") { set $mobile_rewrite perform; } location ^~ / { if ($mobile_rewrite = perform) { rewrite ^/ https://m.xxxxx.xxx; } alias /static/test/; index index.html; } }
这个表示,请求www.baidu.com,如果是手机端请求,跳转到https://m.xxxxx.xxx ,否则访问/static/test/路径下文件。
备注:www.baidu.com域名只用作文章示例使用。